An Appraisal of Maternal and Child Healthcare Policies in Nigeria: A Case Study of Primary Healthcare Centers in Kogi State
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Background of the Study
Maternal and child healthcare (MCH) policies are critical in reducing maternal and child mortality, improving health outcomes, and achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In Nigeria, various policies, such as the National Health Policy and the National Primary Healthcare Development Agency (NPHCDA) framework, aim to strengthen maternal and child health services (UNICEF, 2023).
In Kogi State, primary healthcare centers (PHCs) are at the forefront of delivering MCH services. However, challenges such as inadequate funding, poor infrastructure, and workforce shortages hinder the effective implementation of these policies (Ajayi & Olatunde, 2024). This study appraises the effectiveness of MCH policies in Kogi State, focusing on their implementation and outcomes.
Statement of the Problem
Despite the existence of comprehensive MCH policies, maternal and child health indicators in Kogi State remain poor. High rates of maternal and child mortality, limited access to quality care, and inefficiencies in policy implementation are persistent issues.
This study examines the effectiveness of MCH policies in Kogi State, evaluating their impact on service delivery and health outcomes.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the implementation of MCH policies in primary healthcare centers in Kogi State.
2. To evaluate the impact of MCH policies on maternal and child health outcomes.
3. To identify challenges in the implementation of MCH policies and propose solutions.
Research Questions
1. How are MCH policies implemented in primary healthcare centers in Kogi State?
2. What is the impact of MCH policies on maternal and child health outcomes?
3. What challenges hinder the effective implementation of MCH policies in Kogi State?
Research Hypotheses
1. H₀: MCH policies do not significantly impact maternal health outcomes in Kogi State.
2. H₀: MCH policies do not significantly affect child health outcomes in Kogi State.
3. H₀: Challenges in implementing MCH policies do not significantly affect their effectiveness.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study focuses on primary healthcare centers in Kogi State, appraising the implementation and impact of MCH policies. Limitations include variability in policy implementation across PHCs and potential data gaps in health records.
Definitions of Terms
Maternal and Child Healthcare (MCH): Services aimed at improving the health and well-being of mothers and children.
Primary Healthcare Centers (PHCs): Basic healthcare facilities providing essential services at the community level.
Policy Implementation: The process of executing strategies and actions to achieve policy objectives.
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